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Potential outcomes

The questions here ask you to separate what a study observed from what it never could, in settings you have not seen before, rather than to repeat the easiest thing you can still do. Hints stop short of supplying the answer, because recalling it is the point.

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2 questions, chosen for youHints availableNo time limit

Retrieval after a delay, which is what makes knowledge durable.

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What this covers

  • Distinguish potential outcomes, observed outcomes, and treatment effects

    Given a description of units, an assignment, and observed data, the learner can write each unit's potential outcomes and observed outcome, state which quantities are known and which are missing, and explain why no individual treatment effect can be computed from the data.

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